If you build a smart house in a smart dacha, then of course the main problem arises with how to provide communication in this dacha, because the territory there is quite large in the first place, and if you do some wiring inside, lay some cable to all the buildings, then this will also be quite difficult to do, but in the second place, you can- first, it is not always possible to design everything correctly right away, where it will be necessary to install some devices, but it will always be expensive to conduct it to the right places in such an area and put some intermediate devices for such wiring.

Of course, as an option, it is to use wireless things, and since in dachas it is still not urban apartments where wi-fi is very noisy, for example, and in principle it is impossible to use normally there and the speed is low and the range is low due to the fact that the walls are dense, reinforced concrete, and of course in the country many such problems it is much easier to solve, even if the house is made quite high-quality so to speak, even in this case, you can still solve it in different ways, for example, wi-fi can be used and there is also now a solution that allows you to create a mesh network that will automatically switch there from several different points, that is, for example, if the device moves, some phone or tablet or laptop, of course it will switch, but if the signal there has become low for some reason, then some sensor it can simply switch to another point and in principle continue to work, for example, some video camera, it is there for some reason if it can't connect directly, if something obscures the point from which it worked over wi-fi, then it can in principle continue in another way.

Well, also if there are several floors, then it will be possible to make sure that each floor has its own wi-fi point, they will use the corresponding point depending on how and where the devices are located, and in principle, since wi-fi is free there, you can use it at a frequency of 2.4 gigahertz, the range of it is higher and, in principle, it will be possible to normally provide wi-fi for the entire site from a small number of points; and some points, for example, they can act as a repeater, that is, they can also further strengthen the coverage, the coverage area, and for example there will be a good signal everywhere if such points are placed in different corners of the site.

But there is also, for example, a zigbee network is used for a smart home, then of course, in principle, you can make a good signal quality to any territory, that is, such a network also has a mode, the main one is actually a mesh network, that is, different devices can act as repeaters, that is, routers that can transmit through themselves information to the devices further, and for example, if somewhere in some room, on some floor or in some building, the signal is weak, then you can simply install some kind of outlet there and it will actually perform the function of a repeater, since it has a more powerful transmission, after all, not from it is powered by batteries, it will certainly be able to take much further, connect to the main coordinator of this network, the gateway, and accordingly interact normally with it, and through itself it will already send temperature, motion, and humidity sensors to different sensors, for example, wireless ones that run on batteries, which simply do not have enough power to send a signal far away.

Well, to connect to the outside world, of course, you can also use wired Internet, now in many suburban areas there is already Internet and wired, and then in principle there are no special problems with this, but if it works quite stably there, but you can always also put some 4G modem, now there is routers are allowed in which both wi-fi and 4G are used at once, that is, they can connect to a cellular tower and take a signal from it, even if the wired Internet falls off, you can always switch to such a backup channel, and in principle you can additionally buy an external antenna and put it where- something higher and then the signal will be better and the communication speed will greatly improve.

But of course, in principle, it can sometimes turn out to be quite expensive, if the channel is unlimited, then it is usually not very fast, and if it is limited in traffic volume, then it is clear that it can be the maximum capacity of the bandwidth, but sometimes it will not be very convenient because if the connection disappears, there will be no traffic, then you will either need to pay extra or, accordingly, the system will stop working there, many smart home devices they work through the clouds and the same webcams for management, you also need cloud access or to save recordings on these clouds, well, wi-fi devices and gateways of some smart home they can also Tuya or Xiaomi, they are used there cloud servers to run scripts or save scripts there, and of course if the connection disappears with the Internet, then in general all scripts will stop working and the smart home will no longer be smart at all.

To do this, of course, a smart home server is installed locally, preferably specialized, there on some microcomputer, there is some kind of system to use, often this open source is generally used, different systems are Home Assistant or OpenHAB, and they already write all the scripts so that they are local mode, even if the Internet is external if it is not available, then everything inside will still work, it will turn on and off, and if necessary, of course, it will also be possible to restart some devices simply by sending the command otklchyuchenie and turning on some sockets, as well as controls for example turning on or off, you can also put a machine there some, it has there is also a relay included for control, that is, you can just turn it on or off manually there, it can also be turned on or off remotely, well, in the country there, in principle, the power supply is usually not very high and one such machine may be enough, but if there are three phases connected, then there are also machines that are with a relay built-in devices that can also work in three phases, that is, they can turn on, off and, accordingly, also measure electricity and consumption, that is, you can always see what is turned on and off there, there is some excessive consumption, and if in general everything is getting started badly, then in principle you can simply restart by turning this machine off and on again remotely.

But in principle, if you use wired solutions, they can also be affected by some thunderstorms, because the distances are large and the length of the wires is large, and of course this should also be provided for in such large areas, because it can disable all electronics and the entire smart home, and even wireless devices they are also subject to such effects, first of all, it is the quality of power supply, that is, there may be interference and some kind of electricity may come through the network, from changes in the general power supply network, or just there are leads from some lightning strikes, something else, maybe just because of this there is Wi-Fi-fi network for example to disconnect, for example there the router can hang at the same time or even I had so that there is a zigbee stick, for example hung up and stopped working when there was a thunderstorm outside, that is, I then of course purchased a better stick that is in a metal case and the impact on it of course will be less, but still it has an external antenna and some interference can also come through it, and you need to be able to restart such a smart home so that all devices still restore their work there, but sometimes of course it makes sense to use alternative solutions, so that you can turn off something there, even if the control is lost at all and it is impossible to restore it in any way, because otherwise you will just have to physically go there and change the equipment there, and when replacing equipment, there may also be various difficulties, because you can't just take some smart socket there and put it instead another one, or take a sensor and install it there, because it uses it in different scenarios and it has a certain identifier of this device in the smart home system and it will be quite difficult to register it everywhere quickly, that is, of course, you need to provide for the possibility of some alternative actions, for example, several sensors, I have in my there are several sensors in each room for temperature and humidity, and if a certain sensor fails, then it will be possible, based on another sensor in the scenario, to foresee that it will look at several sensors or at one of them that gives the correct value or sends the value at all.

Also, if you use wireless sensors, they can also fail, they may run out of battery in the end, you need to monitor this periodically, they do so in some application or share some view in the dashboard where you can see the voltage value of these batteries, in these sensors, they all do it they send it to the smart home system, this value, and with some frequency you can inform yourself there that when you next arrive at the dacha, you can find this sensor there and change the battery in it.

Often, of course, I already forget where I have what sensors are and sometimes it's just quite difficult to find it there, sometimes it happens that I have a temperature sensor, for example, it is not fixed there in a permanent place, it just lies on a shelf, or some kind of motion sensor, in principle this is enough for it to work, but if it fell somewhere, rolled, then first of all it shows incorrectly, or there the motion sensor may stop seeing and detecting any movement at all, but it's not so easy to find it later, so there are quite a lot of ways to communicate between devices in a smart home and with the smart home itself, and of course there are a lot to choose from, but in fact, there is also a format and a radio frequency, there are other formats for interaction between sensors and different devices, and in fact, of course, they are all useful and you can always apply several of them, this will be even better and more reliable from the point of view of the entire smart home system.

Automation in a smart home should be useful and create additional comfort, but sometimes everything goes wrong… The reasons for this, and how to configure everything, see on my channel.